{
  "source": "https://casinolicensecheck.com",
  "license_note": "Compiled from official regulator sources. Each record carries source URLs and last-verified dates. Attribution appreciated.",
  "generated": "2026-08-27",
  "count": 16,
  "jurisdictions": [
    {
      "slug": "alderney",
      "name": "Alderney",
      "iso": "GG",
      "group": "europe",
      "aliases": [
        "AGCC",
        "Guernsey",
        "Alderney Gambling Control Commission"
      ],
      "regulator": {
        "name": "Alderney Gambling Control Commission",
        "abbr": "AGCC",
        "official_site": "https://www.gamblingcontrol.org/",
        "register_url": "https://www.gamblingcontrol.org/licensees/",
        "register_machine_readable": false,
        "register_notes": "Browse-by-category lists of eGambling licensees, temporary licensees, associate certificate holders and hosting providers, each showing company name, licence category and website list. A site search finds a licensee by name. There is no bulk export, and the full statutory register is inspectable at the Commission's offices by appointment."
      },
      "license": {
        "regime": "licensed",
        "types": [
          "Category 1 eGambling Licence",
          "Category 2 eGambling Licence",
          "Temporary eGambling Licence",
          "Core Services Provider Associate Certificate",
          "Category 1 and Category 2 Associate Certificates",
          "Hosting Certificate",
          "Key Individual Certificate"
        ],
        "covers": "A Category 1 licence authorises player registration and verification, the contractual relationship with players and management of player funds, while a Category 2 licence authorises effecting the gambling transaction and operating the gambling platform in an approved hosting centre.",
        "key_facts": [
          "The framework sits under Part I of the Alderney eGambling Regulations 2009. Applicants must form an Alderney-registered company and publish notice in the Alderney Gazette",
          "AGCC reports over 70 active licences and certificates covering more than 100 regulated URLs, over 20 game providers and over 10 hosting facilities",
          "Category 1 first-year fee is GBP 17,500, GBP 35,000 afterwards. Annual renewal is banded by net gaming yield, from GBP 35,000 below GBP 500k to GBP 400,000 at GBP 30m and above",
          "Category 2 renewal is a flat GBP 35,000 per year, and a Temporary eGambling Licence costs GBP 10,000 annually",
          "Category 1 licensees must hold customer funds segregated from operational accounts"
        ]
      },
      "verify_steps": [
        "Open the AGCC licensee directory on gamblingcontrol.org",
        "Pick the relevant category page, eGambling licensees, temporary licensees, associates or hosting providers, since there is no site-wide search",
        "Match the operating company name and the exact URL claimed by the casino against the register extract. AGCC regulates specific URLs, not just brands",
        "Check whether the entry is a full Category 1 or 2 licence or only an associate or temporary certificate, which authorise narrower activity",
        "If the company or URL is absent or ambiguous, email info@agcc.gg to confirm before trusting the claim"
      ],
      "player_notes": "An Alderney licence means the operator passed AGCC background and funding checks, its games are audited for fairness, and Category 1 holders must keep player deposits segregated from company money. Players can complain directly to the AGCC via its online form, email or post after exhausting the operator's own process. There is no national self-exclusion register, but AGCC-approved policies must cover limiting customer activity and customer complaints.",
      "red_flags": [
        "The casino's exact domain does not appear among the AGCC's regulated URLs even though the company name looks similar to a real licensee",
        "The site displays an AGCC logo or certificate image but names no Alderney-registered company",
        "The claim cites only an associate or hosting certificate as if it were a full B2C eGambling licence",
        "A licence number format or seal that the AGCC register pages never use"
      ],
      "law_status": "Alderney, a dependency of the Bailiwick of Guernsey, has run a dedicated interactive-gambling licensing regime since 2001, currently governed by the Alderney eGambling Ordinance and the eGambling Regulations 2009. The AGCC licenses B2C and B2B eGambling for a global market, and most licensees serve players outside the island itself. The framework remains in force with fee schedules updated periodically.",
      "tax_notes": "Alderney levies no gambling tax on operators' gaming revenue. The regime is funded through annual licence and certificate fees banded by net gaming yield.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.gamblingcontrol.org/",
          "title": "Alderney Gambling Control Commission, home",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.gamblingcontrol.org/licensees/",
          "title": "AGCC Licensees, public register extracts",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.gamblingcontrol.org/regulation-framework/an-egambling-licence",
          "title": "AGCC, An eGambling Licence, Category 1 and 2",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.gamblingcontrol.org/regulation-framework/fees",
          "title": "AGCC Fees",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.gamblingcontrol.org/players",
          "title": "AGCC Players, protections and complaints",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        }
      ],
      "page": "https://casinolicensecheck.com/licenses/alderney/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "anjouan",
      "name": "Anjouan",
      "iso": "KM",
      "group": "offshore",
      "aliases": [
        "Comoros",
        "Anjouan Gaming",
        "Anjouan Betting and Gaming Board"
      ],
      "regulator": {
        "name": "Anjouan Gaming, the Anjouan Betting and Gaming Board",
        "abbr": "Anjouan Gaming",
        "official_site": "https://anjouangaming.com/",
        "register_url": "https://anjouangaming.com/license-register/",
        "register_machine_readable": true,
        "register_notes": "The public register lists every licensee with its number, type, status and operational domains, and the same data can be searched by licence number, company name or domain. The full list is published on the register page."
      },
      "license": {
        "regime": "licensed",
        "types": [
          "Internet Gaming Licence, B2C",
          "Internet Gaming Licence, B2B"
        ],
        "covers": "A single B2C licence covers online casino, sports betting, poker and other permitted gaming verticals as specified in the licence conditions. B2B covers platform, software and technical suppliers to licensed operators.",
        "key_facts": [
          "The one-time licence issuance fee is EUR 17,828 and the annual renewal fee is EUR 17,828, identical for B2C and B2B. Fees are non-refundable",
          "Extra operational domains cost EUR 500 each for B2C licensees",
          "Licences run on an annual renewal cycle with quarterly compliance reporting, for example Q1 2026 reports were due 30 April 2026",
          "Register statuses are Active, Suspended, Revoked and Expired. Total licensee counts are not published",
          "Licensees must meet AML and responsible gaming obligations, with suspension and revocation among the Authority's enforcement powers"
        ]
      },
      "verify_steps": [
        "Get the operating company name and licence number from the casino's terms and conditions or footer seal",
        "Open the verify-a-licence tool on anjouangaming.com and search by licence number, company name or the casino's domain",
        "Confirm the result shows status Active and that the licence type and operational domain match the site you are checking",
        "Check the Authority's status definitions if the result shows anything other than Active",
        "For time-sensitive checks, contact Anjouan Gaming directly, since register data is updated periodically"
      ],
      "player_notes": "An Anjouan licence confirms the operator passed the Authority's due diligence on identity, corporate structure and source of funds, and is subject to AML and responsible gaming rules, but it offers thin player protection compared with onshore regimes. There is no formal independent dispute service. Players can report regulatory breaches to the Authority, which can discipline licensees but does not adjudicate individual payout disputes.",
      "red_flags": [
        "A claimed Anjouan licence that returns no result in the official verification tool",
        "A seal or certificate hosted on an agent or third-party domain instead of resolving to anjouangaming.com",
        "A licence shown as Suspended, Revoked or Expired in the register while the casino still displays it as valid",
        "The casino domain not listed as an operational domain under the licence"
      ],
      "law_status": "Anjouan is an autonomous island of the Union of the Comoros, and Anjouan Gaming is the designated regulatory authority for internet gaming licensing under the island's own laws, with supervisory oversight from the Anjouan Gaming Board and the Anjouan Offshore Finance Authority. The regime traces to mid-2000s Anjouan offshore legislation and has been actively marketed and administered in its current form since around 2023. A public register, certificate verification framework and published enforcement procedures are in operation as of 2026.",
      "tax_notes": "The regime is fee-based. Anjouan imposes no gaming tax on licensees' internationally sourced revenue, which alongside the flat EUR 17,828 annual fee is the core of its commercial offer.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://anjouangaming.com/",
          "title": "Anjouan Gaming, official site",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://anjouangaming.com/public-register/",
          "title": "Anjouan Gaming public register",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://anjouangaming.com/public-register/verify-a-licence/",
          "title": "Anjouan Gaming, verify a licence",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://anjouangaming.com/licensing/",
          "title": "Anjouan Gaming licensing framework",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://anjouangaming.com/licensing/fees/",
          "title": "Anjouan Gaming licence fees",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        }
      ],
      "page": "https://casinolicensecheck.com/licenses/anjouan/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "costa-rica",
      "name": "Costa Rica",
      "iso": "CR",
      "group": "offshore",
      "aliases": [
        "CR",
        "data processing",
        "San Jose",
        "Registro Nacional"
      ],
      "regulator": {
        "name": "No online gambling regulator",
        "abbr": null,
        "official_site": null,
        "register_url": null,
        "register_machine_readable": false,
        "register_notes": "No gambling license register exists because no online gambling license exists. The only public check is company existence in the National Registry on rnpdigital.com, which proves incorporation, not gaming oversight."
      },
      "license": {
        "regime": "no_regime",
        "types": [
          "None. Operators hold a municipal data-processing business permit plus ordinary corporate registration, which is not a gaming licence"
        ],
        "covers": "The setup only authorizes a Costa Rican corporation to run a data-processing business from local premises. It conveys no gambling authorization, supervision or player protection.",
        "key_facts": [
          "Law No. 3 of 1922 prohibits unauthorized games of chance domestically, and no statute licenses online gambling",
          "Operators incorporate an S.A. or S.R.L., register with the National Registry, and obtain a municipal business permit treating the activity as data processing",
          "Operators must exclude Costa Rican residents. The model exists to serve foreign players only",
          "Roughly 300 offshore operators are estimated to base themselves there under this arrangement",
          "A JPS pilot for regulated online concessions announced in 2021 remains pending, and the offshore model continues"
        ]
      },
      "verify_steps": [
        "Treat any claim of being licensed by Costa Rica or by the Government of Costa Rica as false on its face. No such gaming licence exists",
        "Take the operating company's legal name and cedula juridica, the corporate ID, from the casino's terms and conditions",
        "Look the company up in Costa Rica's National Registry on rnpdigital.com, a free account is required, to confirm the corporation actually exists and is active",
        "Remember what you verified. Corporate existence only. No Costa Rican body audits games, fund segregation or payouts",
        "Check whether the casino holds a real licence from another jurisdiction. If Costa Rica is the only licence cited, the site is effectively unregulated"
      ],
      "player_notes": "A Costa Rica registration gives players no regulatory protection at all. No authority tests the games, enforces player fund rules or handles complaints, and there is no dispute route beyond the operator itself or the courts. Any protection depends entirely on the operator's reputation or on a second licence held elsewhere.",
      "red_flags": [
        "A certificate or seal presented as a Costa Rica gaming licence. Such documents are decorative, the jurisdiction issues none",
        "Claims of oversight by a Costa Rican gambling regulator, which does not exist for online gambling",
        "A casino accepting players from Costa Rica while claiming Costa Rican legality, since the model requires excluding residents",
        "No verifiable company name or corporate ID in the terms and conditions"
      ],
      "law_status": "Costa Rica has never enacted an online gambling licensing regime. Law No. 3 of 1922 bans unauthorized games of chance domestically, while land-based casino gaming in hotels is administered by the Ministry of Public Security. Online operators use the gap by running foreign-facing businesses under ordinary corporate registration and municipal data-processing permits, and proposals to regulate online gambling, including a JPS-led concession pilot, have stalled.",
      "tax_notes": "Costa Rica taxes territorially, so foreign-sourced gambling revenue generally falls outside local corporate income tax. Operators pay ordinary corporate filing obligations and municipal permit fees rather than any gaming tax.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://altenar.com/blog/gambling-laws-and-regulations-in-costa-rica/",
          "title": "Altenar guide to gambling laws and betting regulations in Costa Rica",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://gofaizen-sherle.com/gambling-license/costa-rica",
          "title": "Gofaizen and Sherle on the Costa Rica gambling licence question",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://legarithm.io/license/gambling/costa-rica/",
          "title": "Legarithm guide to Costa Rica gambling registration",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        }
      ],
      "page": "https://casinolicensecheck.com/licenses/costa-rica/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "curacao",
      "name": "Curacao",
      "iso": "CW",
      "group": "offshore",
      "aliases": [
        "CGA",
        "GCB",
        "Curacao Gaming Authority",
        "Gaming Control Board",
        "LOK",
        "Curazao",
        "Antillephone",
        "Cyberluck"
      ],
      "regulator": {
        "name": "Curacao Gaming Authority",
        "abbr": "CGA",
        "official_site": "https://portal.cga.cw/",
        "register_url": "https://cert.cga.cw/search",
        "register_machine_readable": false,
        "register_notes": "The register search on cert.cga.cw accepts a domain or a license holder name. Each result opens a live Certificate of Operation showing the operator, its company number, the licence number, the grant date and the current status."
      },
      "license": {
        "regime": "licensed",
        "types": [
          "Online Gaming Licence, B2C",
          "Supplier Licence, B2B"
        ],
        "covers": "A B2C licence covers offering online casino and sports betting in or from Curacao, while a B2B supplier licence covers gambling-related critical services such as platform and software supply.",
        "key_facts": [
          "The LOK, Landsverordening op de kansspelen, is in force since 24 December 2024. The CGA is now the sole issuer of licences, replacing the master-licence and sub-licence model",
          "Existing NOOGH licences were converted into provisional LOK licences. Final licences are issued for an indefinite term under published licence conditions",
          "Indicative costs are roughly EUR 4,000 to 4,600 in non-refundable application fees, B2C annual fees around EUR 47,450 covering the treasury contribution plus the CGA supervisory fee, and B2B around EUR 24,490",
          "The register showed more than 330 active licences as of early 2026",
          "Old sub-licences expired in January 2025 and the legacy orange sub-licence seal is no longer valid. The green CGA seal is required",
          "The register also returns domains whose Certificate of Operation reads not valid, which is a distinct state from an active licence and worth checking for by name"
        ]
      },
      "verify_steps": [
        "Open the register search on cert.cga.cw and type the casino's domain or the operating company's name",
        "Open the matching result. It is a live Certificate of Operation on cert.cga.cw showing the operator, licence number OGL/..., grant date and status",
        "Check the status reads Active and the certified domain matches the site you are on exactly",
        "Cross-check the company name on the certificate against the operator named in the casino's terms and conditions",
        "As a second signal, the casino's own seal must be the green CGA dynamic seal linking to that same certificate. If the domain returns no result and the seal is a static image or links elsewhere, treat the claim as unverified and contact the CGA at info@cga.cw"
      ],
      "player_notes": "A Curacao licence confirms the operator passed CGA vetting and is subject to LOK conduct rules, but player protection is lighter than in onshore markets. Under the LOK, licensees must offer complaint handling and the CGA certifies independent dispute-resolution providers for player disputes. The CGA does not act as a payout guarantor, and reports about unlicensed operators can be sent to it directly.",
      "red_flags": [
        "The casino's domain returns no result in the register search on cert.cga.cw",
        "An orange seal or a certificate from the sub-licence era presented as a current licence",
        "References to the old master licences, Antillephone 8048/JAZ, Cyberluck 1668/JAZ, Curacao Interactive Licensing 5536/JAZ or Gaming Curacao 365/JAZ, as if still valid for new sub-licensees",
        "A seal that is a flat image or links to a lookalike validator domain instead of cert.cga.cw",
        "A certificate domain list that does not include the casino domain you are actually playing on"
      ],
      "law_status": "The LOK took effect on 24 December 2024, replacing the 1993 NOOGH offshore regime under which four private master licence holders sold sub-licences. All licensing now runs directly through the Curacao Gaming Authority, with NOOGH licences converted to provisional LOK licences during the transition, and sub-licences lapsed in January 2025. The CGA publishes licence conditions, domain-management rules and enforcement warnings under the new law.",
      "tax_notes": "There is no GGR-based gaming tax under the LOK as of 2026. Licensees pay fixed application, annual treasury and supervisory fees, with standard Curacao corporate taxation applying to the local entity.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://portal.cga.cw/",
          "title": "Curacao Gaming Authority licence management portal",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://cert.cga.cw/search",
          "title": "CGA licence register search, domains and license holders",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://coincub.com/blog/curacao-gaming-license/",
          "title": "Coincub guide to the Curacao gaming licence under the LOK regime",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://licensegentlemen.com/blog/updated-gcb-curacao-license/",
          "title": "License Gentlemen on key changes after the CGA reform",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        }
      ],
      "page": "https://casinolicensecheck.com/licenses/curacao/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "denmark",
      "name": "Denmark",
      "iso": "DK",
      "group": "europe",
      "aliases": [
        "Spillemyndigheden",
        "DGA",
        "Danish Gambling Authority",
        "ROFUS"
      ],
      "regulator": {
        "name": "Spillemyndigheden",
        "abbr": "DGA",
        "official_site": "https://www.spillemyndigheden.dk/",
        "register_url": "https://spillemyndigheden.dk/en-us/licensed-gambling-operators",
        "register_machine_readable": true,
        "register_notes": "A browsable public list of all operators licensed to offer gambling in Denmark, with separate lists for slot-machine operators and game suppliers. The list is served by a public JSON search endpoint on the same site, so the data is machine readable too."
      },
      "license": {
        "regime": "licensed",
        "types": [
          "Online casino licence",
          "Betting licence",
          "Combined betting and online casino licence",
          "Revenue-restricted licence, one year with capped revenue",
          "Land-based casino licence",
          "Gaming machine licence",
          "Game supplier certification"
        ],
        "covers": "An online casino licence covers roulette, blackjack, baccarat, punto banco, poker, online bingo, gaming machines and skill-chance combination games, while a betting licence covers wagers on the outcome of any event, sporting or not.",
        "key_facts": [
          "Standard online casino and betting licences are issued for up to five years with no cap on the number of licences",
          "Revenue-restricted licences run one year, with gross gaming revenue capped at DKK 1 million and gambling turnover at DKK 10 million",
          "Gambling duty for online casino and betting is 28% of gross gaming revenue, reported monthly to the Danish Tax Agency within 15 days of period end",
          "Operators must complete technical certification of their gambling system and register for gambling duty before going live",
          "Commercial lotteries remain reserved for state-owned Danske Spil"
        ]
      },
      "verify_steps": [
        "Open the licence-holder list on spillemyndigheden.dk",
        "Find the operating company named in the casino's footer or terms, not just the brand name",
        "Check the licence type matches what the site offers, online casino, betting, or both. Slot-machine operators and game suppliers sit on separate lists",
        "Verify the specific domain is associated with the licence holder, since brands often run multiple domains",
        "If in doubt, contact Spillemyndigheden before depositing"
      ],
      "player_notes": "Playing with a Danish licence holder means the operator is supervised by Spillemyndigheden, its games are certified, and winnings are tax-free for the player because duty is paid by the operator. Players can self-exclude from all licensed online gambling, land-based casinos and betting shops through ROFUS, the authority's register of voluntarily excluded players, for 24 hours, one, three or six months, or permanently, and the StopSpillet helpline offers confidential addiction support. Complaints go first to the operator, then to Spillemyndigheden or the Danish Competition and Consumer Authority's complaint bodies.",
      "red_flags": [
        "The operating company is not on Spillemyndigheden's licence-holder list even though the site uses .dk branding or Danish language",
        "No ROFUS integration or link on a site claiming a Danish licence, since checking ROFUS is mandatory",
        "A claimed Danish licence used to justify offering lotteries, which only Danske Spil may provide",
        "Licence claim references a game-supplier certification rather than a B2C operator licence"
      ],
      "law_status": "Denmark runs a partially liberalised regime under the Danish Gambling Act, with online casino and betting open to any operator that obtains a Spillemyndigheden licence, while commercial lotteries remain a Danske Spil state monopoly. Online licences are unlimited in number and issued for up to five years, with a lighter one-year revenue-restricted licence for small operators. The gambling duty on online verticals was raised from 20% to 28% of GGR from 2021 to fund responsible-gambling initiatives.",
      "tax_notes": "Online casino and betting operators pay a duty of 28% of gross gaming revenue, meaning stakes minus winnings, calculated and reported monthly to the Danish Tax Agency. Land-based betting and lottery products carry different rates.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.spillemyndigheden.dk/en/licence-holders",
          "title": "Spillemyndigheden licence holders, public register",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.spillemyndigheden.dk/en/online-casino",
          "title": "Spillemyndigheden, online casino licence",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.spillemyndigheden.dk/en/betting",
          "title": "Spillemyndigheden, betting licence",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.spillemyndigheden.dk/en/revenue-restricted-licences",
          "title": "Spillemyndigheden, revenue-restricted licences",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.rofus.nu/",
          "title": "ROFUS, register of voluntarily excluded players",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://iclg.com/practice-areas/gambling-laws-and-regulations/denmark",
          "title": "ICLG Gambling Laws and Regulations Denmark 2026",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        }
      ],
      "page": "https://casinolicensecheck.com/licenses/denmark/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "germany",
      "name": "Germany",
      "iso": "DE",
      "group": "europe",
      "aliases": [
        "GGL",
        "Deutschland",
        "German",
        "whitelist",
        "OASIS",
        "GlueStV"
      ],
      "regulator": {
        "name": "Gemeinsame Glücksspielbehörde der Länder",
        "abbr": "GGL",
        "official_site": "https://www.gluecksspiel-behoerde.de/",
        "register_url": "https://www.gluecksspiel-behoerde.de/de/fuer-spielende/uebersicht-erlaubter-anbieter-whitelist",
        "register_machine_readable": false,
        "register_notes": "Interactive official whitelist published under section 9 paragraph 8 of the GlüStV 2021. Filter by gambling type and responsible authority. Each entry shows company, address, permitted websites and permission dates, web interface only with no CSV export."
      },
      "license": {
        "regime": "licensed",
        "types": [
          "Sports betting permit, Sportwetten",
          "Virtual slot machines permit, virtuelle Automatenspiele",
          "Online poker permit",
          "Online casino table games, licensed at federal-state level",
          "Horse race betting permit"
        ],
        "covers": "A GGL permit covers nationwide online sports betting, virtual slots and online poker, while online casino table games are licensed separately by the individual federal states.",
        "key_facts": [
          "The GlüStV 2021 interstate treaty is in force since 1 July 2021, and the GGL took over full enforcement on 1 January 2023",
          "Cross-provider deposit limit of EUR 1,000 per month, enforced through the central LUGAS monitoring system",
          "Virtual slots capped at EUR 1 stake per spin with a minimum 5-second spin duration",
          "The whitelist is continuously maintained, last updated 21 July 2026 at verification, and covers all permitted forms including lotteries and land-based casinos",
          "Permitted operators must display their licensing details on their website homepage"
        ]
      },
      "verify_steps": [
        "Open the GGL whitelist on gluecksspiel-behoerde.de",
        "Filter by gambling type, for example virtuelles Automatenspiel or Online-Poker, or scroll the list",
        "Match the operator's company name AND the exact domain against the entry's listed websites",
        "Check the permission date and the responsible authority shown in the entry. GGL covers nationwide online offers, a Land authority covers casino table games",
        "Cross-check that the casino site itself displays the same licence information in its footer or imprint"
      ],
      "player_notes": "Playing with a whitelisted operator means OASIS self-exclusion checks, the EUR 1,000 cross-provider monthly deposit limit and German consumer law apply. Players can self-exclude nationwide via the OASIS system, run by Regierungspräsidium Darmstadt, covering online gambling, gaming halls and casinos. Complaints about permitted operators and reports of illegal offers go to the GGL via its online reporting form.",
      "red_flags": [
        "Operator or the exact domain does not appear on the GGL whitelist",
        "Site offers online roulette or blackjack across all of Germany under a claimed GGL licence. Table games are licensed per state, not by the GGL",
        "No OASIS check and no EUR 1,000 deposit limit despite claiming a German licence",
        "Site cites an EU or Curacao licence as valid for Germany instead of a GlüStV 2021 permit"
      ],
      "law_status": "Online gambling is legal and licensed under the Glücksspielstaatsvertrag 2021, which for the first time allowed nationwide online slots and poker from 1 July 2021. The GGL, created by the treaty, has issued permits and enforced against unlicensed offers since January 2023, including payment blocking and IP-level actions. Online casino table games remain a matter for the individual Länder, most of which tie them to state casino operators.",
      "tax_notes": "Virtual slot machines and online poker are taxed at 5.3% of stakes under the amended Race Betting and Lottery Act, and sports betting is likewise taxed at 5.3% of stakes. Land-licensed casino games are subject to separate state casino levies.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.gluecksspiel-behoerde.de/",
          "title": "GGL, Gemeinsame Glücksspielbehörde der Länder, official site",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.gluecksspiel-behoerde.de/de/fuer-spielende/uebersicht-erlaubter-anbieter-whitelist",
          "title": "GGL whitelist of permitted gambling operators",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.gluecksspiel-behoerde.de/de/fuer-gluecksspielanbieter/aufsichtssysteme/spielersperrdatei",
          "title": "GGL, OASIS player exclusion file",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://rp-darmstadt.hessen.de/sicherheit-und-kommunales/gluecksspiel/spielersperrsystem-oasis",
          "title": "Regierungspräsidium Darmstadt, OASIS player exclusion system",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        }
      ],
      "page": "https://casinolicensecheck.com/licenses/germany/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "gibraltar",
      "name": "Gibraltar",
      "iso": "GI",
      "group": "europe",
      "aliases": [
        "GGD",
        "Gibraltar Gambling Division",
        "Gambling Commissioner"
      ],
      "regulator": {
        "name": "Gambling Division, HM Government of Gibraltar",
        "abbr": "GGD",
        "official_site": "https://www.gamblingdivision.gov.gi/",
        "register_url": "https://www.gamblingdivision.gov.gi/licence-holders",
        "register_machine_readable": false,
        "register_notes": "A single web page lists all licence holders as a numbered list with licence type and a linked Approved Brands document per licensee. There is no search box and no downloadable dataset, so users browse or use the browser's find-on-page. The site's sitemap lists some brand documents but is out of date, so the page itself is the reliable source."
      },
      "license": {
        "regime": "licensed",
        "types": [
          "Gaming Operator licence, B2C",
          "Bookmaker licence, B2C",
          "Betting Intermediary licence, B2C",
          "Gambling Services licence, B2B",
          "Gambling Operator Support Services licence, GOSS"
        ],
        "covers": "Licences cover remote and non-remote B2C gambling, meaning gaming, bookmaking and betting intermediation, B2B gambling services supplied in or from Gibraltar, and support services such as marketing and customer-fund management under the GOSS category.",
        "key_facts": [
          "57 licensed entities were on the Register of Licence Holders at verification date, including major operators such as bet365 and 888",
          "The register is maintained under section 14 of the Gambling Act 2025",
          "The Act extends to B2C businesses managed or controlled from Gibraltar, B2B operations, key individuals, gambling marketing, and holders of 25% or more of shares",
          "Licensing policy historically favours established operators with a proven track record in other jurisdictions",
          "Existing licensees had a six-month transitional window from the Act's commencement to obtain new licences"
        ]
      },
      "verify_steps": [
        "Open the Register of Licence Holders on the Gambling Division site",
        "Press Ctrl+F and search the page for the operating company named in the casino's footer or terms",
        "Check the licence type fits the activity, for example a B2C Gaming Operator licence for an online casino rather than a B2B-only entry",
        "Open the licensee's linked Approved Brands document and confirm the specific brand or domain you are using is listed",
        "If anything is unclear, email the Gambling Division at gamblinglicensing@gibraltar.gov.gi to confirm"
      ],
      "player_notes": "Gibraltar licensees are supervised by the Gambling Commissioner, who oversees compliance and can impose financial penalties or suspend licences, and operators must run formal complaints procedures. The jurisdiction's policy of admitting mainly established, well-capitalised operators works as an indirect player protection. Unresolved disputes can be escalated to the Gambling Commissioner via the Division's complaints route.",
      "red_flags": [
        "The operating company does not appear anywhere in the 57-entry Register of Licence Holders",
        "The company is listed but the casino brand or domain is missing from its Approved Brands document",
        "The site claims a Gibraltar licence without naming any Gibraltar-registered company",
        "The claimed licence type is the B2B Gambling Services category while the site sells directly to players"
      ],
      "law_status": "Online gambling is legal and regulated under the Gambling Act 2025, which replaced the Gambling Act 2005 and created the dual structure of Licensing Authority and Gambling Commissioner supported by the Gambling Division. Most provisions of the new Act were commenced on 1 April 2026, with the personal management licence regime in Part 5 to follow separately. Existing operators are transitioning to the new licence categories during the statutory window.",
      "tax_notes": "Gambling duty for B2C operators is 0.15% of gross gambling yield for both betting and gaming, with the first GBP 100,000 per year exempt. B2B licensees remain exempt from gambling duty, and tiered application and annual licence fees under the new Act replace the former single fee.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.gamblingdivision.gov.gi/",
          "title": "Gibraltar Gambling Division, official site",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.gamblingdivision.gov.gi/licence-holders",
          "title": "Register of Licence Holders under section 14 of the Gambling Act 2025",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.gamblingdivision.gov.gi/getting-licensed",
          "title": "Gambling Division, Getting Licensed",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.gibraltarlaws.gov.gi/uploads/legislations/gambling/2026-04/2026-04o.pdf",
          "title": "Gambling Act 2025, full text PDF on Gibraltar Laws",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.legal500.com/guides/chapter/gibraltar-gambling-law/",
          "title": "Legal 500 Country Comparative Guide, Gibraltar Gambling Law",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        }
      ],
      "page": "https://casinolicensecheck.com/licenses/gibraltar/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "isle-of-man",
      "name": "Isle of Man",
      "iso": "IM",
      "group": "europe",
      "aliases": [
        "GSC",
        "IOM",
        "Gambling Supervision Commission",
        "Mann"
      ],
      "regulator": {
        "name": "Gambling Supervision Commission",
        "abbr": "GSC",
        "official_site": "https://www.isleofmangsc.com/gambling/",
        "register_url": "https://www.isleofmangsc.com/gambling/supervision/online-gambling-licensee-register/",
        "register_machine_readable": true,
        "register_notes": "An expandable on-page list of online gambling licensees showing status, validity dates, licence type and approved domains, with the full current register downloadable as an Excel file."
      },
      "license": {
        "regime": "licensed",
        "types": [
          "OGRA Full licence, B2C",
          "OGRA Sub-licence",
          "Network Services licence",
          "Software Supply licence"
        ],
        "covers": "Licences under the Online Gambling Regulation Act 2001 cover operating online casino, betting and gaming services to players, hosting players of foreign operators via network services, sub-licensing on an existing full licensee's platform, and supplying gambling software.",
        "key_facts": [
          "Roughly 70 active online gambling licence holders on the register, file updated 31 July 2026",
          "A Full licence costs GBP 5,250 to apply for and GBP 36,750 per year, granted for an initial five-year term renewable in five-year periods",
          "A Network Services licence costs GBP 52,500 per year",
          "The Software Supply licence route was added by 2019 regulations with a GSC register of approved suppliers",
          "The GSC is an independent statutory body regulating all gambling on the island since 1962"
        ]
      },
      "verify_steps": [
        "Open the Online Gambling Licensee Register on the GSC site",
        "Expand the entry for the operating company named in the casino footer, or download the Excel register and search it",
        "Check the licence status is Active and today's date falls within the licence validity dates",
        "Confirm the casino's domain appears in the licensee's listed website domains",
        "Verify the licence type matches the offering, for example a Full licence for a standalone casino rather than Software Supply"
      ],
      "player_notes": "Isle of Man licensees must segregate and protect player funds, one of the earliest jurisdictions to make this mandatory, and under-18s are prohibited from gambling. Operators carry social-responsibility obligations including contributions to gambling-harm prevention. Players can escalate unresolved complaints about a licensee directly to the GSC, which supervises and can suspend or revoke licences.",
      "red_flags": [
        "Company or domain does not appear in the online gambling licensee register or the downloadable Excel file",
        "Register shows the licence as expired outside its validity dates, or the entry is missing the casino's domain",
        "Site claims an Isle of Man licence from a body other than the Gambling Supervision Commission",
        "Claimed licensee only holds a Software Supply licence while operating a player-facing casino"
      ],
      "law_status": "Online gambling is legal and regulated under the Online Gambling Regulation Act 2001, supplemented by secondary legislation including the 2019 regulations that introduced the Software Supply licence. The GSC, established in 1962, regulates online and land-based gambling under one roof. The framework has been stable, with incremental updates rather than wholesale reform.",
      "tax_notes": "Online gambling duty is tiered on gross gaming yield at 1.5% up to GBP 20 million per year, 0.5% on the next GBP 20 million, and 0.1% above GBP 40 million, with pool betting at 15%. Standard corporate income tax is 0% for most companies.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.isleofmangsc.com/gambling/",
          "title": "Isle of Man Gambling Supervision Commission, official site",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.isleofmangsc.com/gambling/licensing/",
          "title": "GSC Licensing homepage",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.isleofmangsc.com/gambling/supervision/online-gambling-licensee-register/",
          "title": "GSC Online Gambling Licensee Register",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://iclg.com/practice-areas/gambling-laws-and-regulations/isle-of-man",
          "title": "ICLG Gambling Laws and Regulations 2026, Isle of Man",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        }
      ],
      "page": "https://casinolicensecheck.com/licenses/isle-of-man/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "italy",
      "name": "Italy",
      "iso": "IT",
      "group": "europe",
      "aliases": [
        "ADM",
        "AAMS",
        "Italian",
        "concessione",
        "gioco a distanza"
      ],
      "regulator": {
        "name": "Agenzia delle Dogane e dei Monopoli",
        "abbr": "ADM",
        "official_site": "https://www.adm.gov.it/portale/",
        "register_url": "https://www.adm.gov.it/portale/monopoli/giochi/gioco_distanza/gioco_dist_concessionari",
        "register_machine_readable": true,
        "register_notes": "Official table of authorized remote gaming concessionaires showing concession code, company name and authorized website. The table is served as server-rendered pages that can be read in full without a browser, though no single download file is offered."
      },
      "license": {
        "regime": "licensed",
        "types": [
          "Concessione per il gioco a distanza, the remote gaming concession known as GAD",
          "Retail betting concessions under a separate regime"
        ],
        "covers": "A remote gaming concession covers online casino games, poker, bingo and betting offered through one authorized website per concession under ADM supervision.",
        "key_facts": [
          "The 2025 tender under Legislative Decree 41/2024 awarded 52 online concessions to 46 concessionaires",
          "New concessions run nine years from 13 November 2025",
          "The concession fee is EUR 7 million each, EUR 4 million on award and EUR 3 million on launch, plus an annual fee of 3% of net gaming revenues",
          "Each concession is tied to a single website. Authorized sites operate on .it domains and display the ADM logo and concession number",
          "ADM also maintains and enforces a blocklist of unauthorized gambling sites"
        ]
      },
      "verify_steps": [
        "Open the ADM list of authorized remote gaming concessionaires on adm.gov.it",
        "Find the casino's concession number, usually shown in the site footer next to the ADM logo",
        "Match the concession code, company name and exact .it domain against the ADM table",
        "Sort or page through the list if searching by concessionaire name",
        "If the domain is not in the table, the site is not authorized for Italy even if it displays an ADM or AAMS logo"
      ],
      "player_notes": "Playing with an ADM concessionaire means certified games, identity checks and access to the RUA, the single self-exclusion register covering all authorized online operators. Players can self-exclude for 30, 60 or 90 days or indefinitely, revocable after 6 months and effective 7 days after the request. Disputes are handled first by the concessionaire with escalation to ADM, which also blocks unlicensed sites at ISP level.",
      "red_flags": [
        "Domain is not .it and does not appear in the ADM concessionaires table",
        "Site shows an AAMS or ADM logo but no verifiable concession code",
        "Concession code displayed does not match the operator name in the ADM list",
        "Site accepts Italian players without SPID identity verification or RUA self-exclusion checks"
      ],
      "law_status": "Online gambling is legal only through ADM concessions, a regime dating to 2006 and comprehensively reorganized by Legislative Decree 41/2024, which led to the 2025 tender awarding 52 nine-year online concessions at EUR 7 million each, effective 13 November 2025. Gambling advertising has been broadly banned since the 2018 Dignity Decree. Unlicensed sites are blocked by ADM at ISP level.",
      "tax_notes": "Online fixed-odds and virtual betting is taxed at 24.5% of GGR and online casino, poker and bingo at 25.5% of GGR following the 2025 Budget Law increases, on top of the 3% annual net-revenue fee attached to the new concessions.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.adm.gov.it/portale/",
          "title": "Agenzia delle Dogane e dei Monopoli, official site",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.adm.gov.it/portale/monopoli/giochi/gioco_distanza/gioco_dist_concessionari",
          "title": "ADM, authorized remote gaming concessionaires",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.adm.gov.it/portale/en/monopoli/giochi/gioco_distanza",
          "title": "ADM, remote gaming section",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://practiceguides.chambers.com/practice-guides/gaming-law-2025/italy",
          "title": "Chambers Gaming Law 2025, Italy",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        }
      ],
      "page": "https://casinolicensecheck.com/licenses/italy/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "kahnawake",
      "name": "Kahnawake",
      "iso": "CA",
      "group": "offshore",
      "aliases": [
        "KGC",
        "Kahnawake Gaming Commission",
        "Mohawk",
        "Canada"
      ],
      "regulator": {
        "name": "Kahnawake Gaming Commission",
        "abbr": "KGC",
        "official_site": "https://gamingcommission.ca/",
        "register_url": "https://gamingcommission.ca/interactive-gaming/permit-holders/",
        "register_machine_readable": false,
        "register_notes": "The permit holders page is a public HTML table listing each operator with its authorized URLs, and it has a filter box for narrowing the list in the browser. There is no structured data API, though the page itself is served with a last-modified date."
      },
      "license": {
        "regime": "licensed",
        "types": [
          "Interactive Gaming Licence, IGL, held by the authorized host",
          "Client Provider Authorization, CPA",
          "Casino Software Provider Authorization, CSPA",
          "Live Dealer Studio Authorization, LDSA",
          "Key Person Licence"
        ],
        "covers": "A CPA authorizes an operator to conduct interactive gaming, meaning casino, poker and betting, from the Mohawk Territory of Kahnawake, with mandatory hosting at the territory's data centre.",
        "key_facts": [
          "The Regulations concerning Interactive Gaming were enacted 8 July 1999, making Kahnawake one of the oldest online gaming jurisdictions",
          "Fees in USD. CPA and CSPA applications cost 40,000 each and LDSA 30,000. Annual fees are 20,000 for CPA and CSPA and 10,000 for LDSA, and the renewal application every 5 years adds 5,000",
          "One Key Person Permit is included per authorization. Additional key persons cost 5,000 with a 1,000 annual fee",
          "Licensed operators must be hosted at Mohawk Internet Technologies, a data centre in the territory managed by Continent 8 Technologies",
          "The KGC runs a Logo Certificate Program so players can verify licensed sites, and publishes CPA terminations as public notices"
        ]
      },
      "verify_steps": [
        "Get the operating company's name from the casino's terms and conditions and its claimed Kahnawake authorization",
        "Open the KGC permit holders list on gamingcommission.ca and locate the operator",
        "Confirm the exact casino URL you are using appears among the URLs listed for that operator, since one operator may hold many URLs",
        "If the site displays a KGC logo certificate, click it. It should resolve to a KGC-issued certificate for that domain",
        "For doubts or recent changes, email the Commission at info@gamingcommission.ca and check news posts for CPA terminations"
      ],
      "player_notes": "A Kahnawake authorization means an identifiable operator vetted by a regulator with more than 25 years of interactive gaming history, hosted on regulated infrastructure. The KGC accepts player complaints against licensees via complaints@gamingcommission.ca or its online form, not by phone, and facilitates resolutions, though it will drop complaints already handled elsewhere or aired publicly first.",
      "red_flags": [
        "Operator or the specific casino URL absent from the KGC permit holders list",
        "KGC logo displayed as a plain image with no working certificate link",
        "Marketing the authorization as a Canadian government licence. It is issued under Kahnawake's own Mohawk jurisdiction, not Canadian federal or Quebec law",
        "Citing a CPA that appears in KGC termination notices"
      ],
      "law_status": "Licensing rests on the Kahnawake Gaming Law and the Regulations concerning Interactive Gaming of 1999, as amended, issued under the Mohawk Council of Kahnawake's asserted inherent right to regulate gaming within and from its territory. The regime operates independently of Canadian federal and Quebec provincial licensing. The framework remains active, with updated application forms and fee schedules published through 2025 and 2026.",
      "tax_notes": "The KGC charges flat application and annual fees rather than a gaming or GGR tax. Income taxation depends on where the operating company is incorporated.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://gamingcommission.ca/",
          "title": "Kahnawake Gaming Commission, official site",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://gamingcommission.ca/interactive-gaming/permit-holders/",
          "title": "KGC interactive gaming permit holders list",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://gamingcommission.ca/interactive-gaming/application-process-and-forms/",
          "title": "KGC application process and forms",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "http://gamingcommission.ca/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/ApplicationRelatedCosts2023.pdf",
          "title": "KGC interactive fees schedule, revised 5 October 2023",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://gamingcommission.ca/interactive-gaming/dispute-resolution/",
          "title": "KGC dispute resolution and player complaints",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        }
      ],
      "page": "https://casinolicensecheck.com/licenses/kahnawake/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "malta",
      "name": "Malta",
      "iso": "MT",
      "group": "europe",
      "aliases": [
        "MGA",
        "Malta Gaming Authority",
        "Maltese"
      ],
      "regulator": {
        "name": "Malta Gaming Authority",
        "abbr": "MGA",
        "official_site": "https://www.mga.org.mt/",
        "register_url": "https://www.mga.org.mt/licensee-hub/licensee-register/",
        "register_machine_readable": false,
        "register_notes": "The licensee register is a web app that can be browsed in full with its View All control, currently 312 licensees, and searched by name, authorisation status, URL or gaming service. A separate MGA URL Checker confirms which domains a licensee runs. No plain CSV or documented data file is published, so it is read one record at a time."
      },
      "license": {
        "regime": "licensed",
        "types": [
          "B2C Gaming Service Licence, game types 1 to 4",
          "B2B Critical Gaming Supply Licence"
        ],
        "covers": "A Gaming Service Licence covers offering casino games, fixed-odds betting, peer-to-peer games and controlled skill games to end customers, while the Critical Gaming Supply Licence covers B2B supply of game content and control systems.",
        "key_facts": [
          "Licences are issued for a 10-year term, renewable for further 10-year periods",
          "Fixed annual licence fee of EUR 25,000 per B2C game type, EUR 10,000 for Type 4 skill games. B2B fees range EUR 25,000 to 35,000 by revenue tier",
          "Minimum share capital of EUR 40,000 to 100,000 depending on game types offered",
          "A tiered compliance contribution on gaming revenue is payable monthly on top of the fixed fee",
          "Single Gaming Act framework since 2018 replaced the old Class 1 to 4 licence system"
        ]
      },
      "verify_steps": [
        "Open the MGA Licensee Register and search by the operating company name shown in the casino's footer, or by the casino's URL",
        "Check that the authorisation status reads Authorised and that the exact domain you are visiting is listed under the licensee's approved URLs",
        "Match the authorisation number in the casino footer, format MGA/B2C/123/2020, against the register entry",
        "Click the MGA dynamic seal on the casino site. A genuine seal loads a live verification page on mga.org.mt, not a static image",
        "Cross-check the site is not listed in the MGA's Unauthorised URLs database on the same website"
      ],
      "player_notes": "An MGA licence gives players enforceable protections under Maltese law, including segregation of player funds, responsible-gambling tools and technical standards audited by the regulator. Unresolved disputes go first through the operator's complaints process, then to the MGA's Player Support Unit or an approved ADR entity free of charge. Protections apply to players wherever the operator accepts them, though local law in the player's own country may differ.",
      "red_flags": [
        "Licence seal is a static image that does not click through to a live verification page on mga.org.mt",
        "The exact domain is missing from the licensee's approved URL list in the register, even if the company name matches",
        "Footer cites an old Class 1 to 4 licence number style with no matching entry in the current register",
        "Site appears in the MGA Unauthorised URLs database, or the register shows status cancelled or suspended"
      ],
      "law_status": "Online gambling is fully legal and regulated under the Gaming Act 2018, Chapter 583 of the Laws of Malta, which consolidated earlier legislation into a single framework administered by the MGA. A 2023 amendment known as Bill 55 added Article 56A, which shields MGA licensees from enforcement of certain foreign judgments relating to their licensed activity. A gaming tax reform takes effect on 1 October 2026, replacing the flat 5% tax with differentiated rates by game type.",
      "tax_notes": "B2C licensees currently pay 5% gaming tax on gross gaming revenue from players located in Malta, plus a tiered monthly compliance contribution and the fixed annual licence fee. From 1 October 2026 the 5% rate is replaced by 15% of gaming revenue for Type 1 services and 10% for Types 2 to 4.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.mga.org.mt/",
          "title": "Malta Gaming Authority, official site",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.mga.org.mt/licensee-hub/licensee-register/",
          "title": "MGA Licensee Register",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.mga.org.mt/support/frequently-asked-questions/",
          "title": "MGA Frequently Asked Questions",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.mga.org.mt/app/uploads/Guidance-Note-Licence-Fees-and-Taxation-1.pdf",
          "title": "MGA Guidance Note on Licence Fees and Taxation",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.legal500.com/guides/chapter/malta-gambling-law/",
          "title": "Legal 500 Country Comparative Guide, Malta Gambling Law",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        }
      ],
      "page": "https://casinolicensecheck.com/licenses/malta/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "netherlands",
      "name": "Netherlands",
      "iso": "NL",
      "group": "europe",
      "aliases": [
        "KSA",
        "Kansspelautoriteit",
        "Holland",
        "Dutch",
        "Kansspelwijzer",
        "Cruks"
      ],
      "regulator": {
        "name": "Kansspelautoriteit",
        "abbr": "KSA",
        "official_site": "https://www.kansspelautoriteit.nl/",
        "register_url": "https://www.kansspelautoriteit.nl/kansspelwijzer/",
        "register_machine_readable": true,
        "register_notes": "The Kansspelwijzer lets you search by company name, website, app or licence number and filter results to confirm the KSA issued a licence. The register behind it is published in full on the authority's own openovergokken.nl site, so the whole list can be read rather than only searched."
      },
      "license": {
        "regime": "licensed",
        "types": [
          "Remote gambling licence covering online casino games, poker, sports betting and horse race betting",
          "Land-based casino licence, a Holland Casino monopoly",
          "Gaming machine exploitation licence",
          "One-time and multi-year lottery licences"
        ],
        "covers": "A remote gambling licence under the Koa covers online casino games against the licensee, peer-to-peer games such as poker, sports betting and horse race betting offered to players in the Netherlands.",
        "key_facts": [
          "The Remote Gambling Act, Wet Kansspelen op afstand, entered into force 1 April 2021 and the licensed online market opened 1 October 2021",
          "30 remote gambling licences issued as of October 2025. Initial licences ran five years from October 2021, with renewals in 2026",
          "Gambling tax rose from 30.5% to 34.2% of GGR on 1 January 2025, with a further step to 37.8% from 2026",
          "Since 1 October 2024, deposits above EUR 350 per month require personal contact and deposits are blocked beyond EUR 700 monthly thresholds",
          "Every licensed provider of high-risk games, online and land-based, must check each player against the Cruks exclusion register before admitting them"
        ]
      },
      "verify_steps": [
        "Open the Kansspelwijzer on kansspelautoriteit.nl",
        "Search by the casino's company name, website URL, app name or claimed licence number",
        "Confirm the exact website or app you are using appears in the entry, not just a similarly named company",
        "Check the entry confirms a KSA-issued licence covering online games of chance",
        "Cross-check the site itself for mandatory Dutch protections such as Cruks checks at signup, which every legal operator performs"
      ],
      "player_notes": "A Dutch-licensed operator is supervised by the KSA, must run fair, certified games, and must screen every player against Cruks, the central exclusion register that blocks registered players from all licensed high-risk gambling. Players can enrol themselves via DigiD. Addiction-prevention duties include monthly deposit-limit interventions from October 2024. Complaints go first to the operator, and players can report unfair or illegal practice to the KSA, which also publishes safe-gambling guidance in English.",
      "red_flags": [
        "The website or app is not findable in the Kansspelwijzer even though a Dutch licence is claimed",
        "No Cruks check during registration, which every legal Dutch operator must perform",
        "The site serves Dutch players in Dutch with iDEAL-style payments but names a foreign licence instead of a KSA one",
        "A claimed licence number that returns a different company or website in the register"
      ],
      "law_status": "Online gambling has been legal in the Netherlands since the Remote Gambling Act came into force on 1 April 2021, with the licensed market opening on 1 October 2021. Before that, offering online gambling to Dutch players was prohibited. Land-based casino gaming remains a Holland Casino monopoly and lotteries are separately licensed. Reform from October 2024 tightened deposit-limit contact and blocking rules, and proposals announced in 2025 would raise the age for high-risk games to 21 and unify spending limits.",
      "tax_notes": "Operators pay kansspelbelasting on gross gaming revenue, raised from 30.5% to 34.2% on 1 January 2025 and legislated to rise to 37.8% from 2026.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://kansspelautoriteit.nl/english/",
          "title": "Kansspelautoriteit English information hub",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://kansspelautoriteit.nl/english/register-licensees/",
          "title": "Kansspelautoriteit register of licensees, English",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.kansspelautoriteit.nl/kansspelwijzer/",
          "title": "Kansspelwijzer, search licensed gambling providers",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://kansspelautoriteit.nl/remote-gambling-act-force",
          "title": "Kansspelautoriteit, Remote Gambling Act in force",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://kansspelautoriteit.nl/voor-zakelijke-aanbieders/uitsluitregister/aansluiten-cruks/",
          "title": "Kansspelautoriteit, connecting to Cruks, mandatory exclusion checks",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://iclg.com/practice-areas/gambling-laws-and-regulations/netherlands/",
          "title": "ICLG Gambling Laws and Regulations Netherlands 2026",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        }
      ],
      "page": "https://casinolicensecheck.com/licenses/netherlands/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "romania",
      "name": "Romania",
      "iso": "RO",
      "group": "europe",
      "aliases": [
        "ONJN",
        "Romanian",
        "jocuri de noroc"
      ],
      "regulator": {
        "name": "Oficiul Național pentru Jocuri de Noroc",
        "abbr": "ONJN",
        "official_site": "https://onjn.gov.ro/",
        "register_url": "https://onjn.gov.ro/licentiati-clasa-i/",
        "register_machine_readable": true,
        "register_notes": "Web page listing every Class I online B2C licensee with company details, Romanian fiscal ID, all licensed domains, permitted game types, licence decision number and validity dates. The page is behind an automated browser check and offers no export file, but the full list is public and readable in one page."
      },
      "license": {
        "regime": "licensed",
        "types": [
          "Class 1 licence for B2C online gambling operators",
          "Class 2 licence for B2B suppliers, meaning platforms, software, payment and marketing service providers"
        ],
        "covers": "A Class 1 licence covers business-to-consumer remote gambling, fixed-odds betting, casino, poker and bingo, on the specific domains listed in the ONJN register, with annual authorizations per activity.",
        "key_facts": [
          "Class 1 and Class 2 licences are valid for 10 years, renewable for identical periods",
          "Online B2C operators pay an annual licence fee of EUR 300,000",
          "The annual authorization tax is 30% of GGR since 1 August 2025, with a minimum of EUR 480,000 per year",
          "Since OUG 82/2023, licensed operators must maintain a permanent establishment in Romania, shown per operator in the register",
          "Each licensee's permitted domains, typically .ro, are enumerated in the ONJN list"
        ]
      },
      "verify_steps": [
        "Open the ONJN Class I licensed operators list on onjn.gov.ro",
        "Search the page for the casino's domain or the operating company's name",
        "Confirm the exact domain appears in that operator's Domeniu field",
        "Check the licence validity dates and decision number in the same entry",
        "For B2B suppliers, check the separate Class II list on the same site"
      ],
      "player_notes": "A Class 1 licence means the operator is supervised by ONJN, has a Romanian permanent establishment and must check the national self-excluded persons database before every gaming session under the unified self-exclusion procedure introduced by ONJN Order 79/2025. Player complaints can be filed with the operator and escalated to ONJN, which also orders ISP blocking of unlicensed sites.",
      "red_flags": [
        "Domain is not listed in any operator's Domeniu field on the ONJN Class I list",
        "Site claims a Romanian licence but shows no ONJN decision number or validity dates",
        "Licence validity dates in the register have expired",
        "Domain appears on ONJN's blacklist of blocked websites"
      ],
      "law_status": "Gambling is regulated by Government Emergency Ordinance 77/2009, with online gambling fully licensed since 2015. Only Class I licensees may serve Romanian players. GEO 82/2023 tightened the regime with a Romanian permanent-establishment requirement and higher fees, and a 2025 fiscal package raised the online authorization tax to 30% of GGR. ONJN remains a standalone authority subordinated to the Ministry of Finance following its 2025 to 2026 reorganization.",
      "tax_notes": "Online operators pay the EUR 300,000 annual licence fee plus the annual authorization tax of 30% of GGR with a EUR 480,000 minimum. Separate withholding taxes apply to player winnings.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://onjn.gov.ro/",
          "title": "Oficiul Național pentru Jocuri de Noroc, official site",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://onjn.gov.ro/licentiati-clasa-i/",
          "title": "ONJN Class I licensed operators list",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://onjn.gov.ro/licentiati-clasa-a-ii-a/",
          "title": "ONJN Class II licensed operators list",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://iclg.com/practice-areas/gambling-laws-and-regulations/romania/",
          "title": "ICLG Gambling Laws and Regulations 2026, Romania",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        }
      ],
      "page": "https://casinolicensecheck.com/licenses/romania/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "spain",
      "name": "Spain",
      "iso": "ES",
      "group": "europe",
      "aliases": [
        "DGOJ",
        "España",
        "Spanish",
        "RGIAJ",
        "ordenacionjuego"
      ],
      "regulator": {
        "name": "Dirección General de Ordenación del Juego",
        "abbr": "DGOJ",
        "official_site": "https://www.ordenacionjuego.es/en",
        "register_url": "https://www.ordenacionjuego.es/en/operadores-juego/operadores-licencia/operadores",
        "register_machine_readable": true,
        "register_notes": "Official operator directory, the buscador de operadores. It can be searched by name or website, and it can also be browsed in full, 77 operators at verification, with each row listing that operator's authorized domains. No single download file is offered."
      },
      "license": {
        "regime": "licensed",
        "types": [
          "General licence for betting, Apuestas",
          "General licence for contests, Concursos",
          "General licence for other games, Otros juegos",
          "Singular licences per game, covering slots, roulette, blackjack, poker, bingo, baccarat and betting variants"
        ],
        "covers": "A general licence covers a category of online gambling activity for the whole of Spain, and each specific game requires an additional singular licence tied to that general licence.",
        "key_facts": [
          "General licences run 10 years, renewable for an identical period. Singular licences run 1 to 5 years, renewable",
          "Minimum share capital EUR 100,000 for betting and other-games operators, EUR 60,000 for contests only",
          "Licensed operators must pass definitive certification of their gaming technical systems within 6 months of award",
          "The regulated online market opened in June 2012 under Law 13/2011, with 77 licensed operators at verification",
          "Licensed operators run Spanish-facing sites on .es domains registered with the DGOJ"
        ]
      },
      "verify_steps": [
        "Open the DGOJ operator search on ordenacionjuego.es",
        "Enter the operator's company name or the website domain in the search field",
        "Confirm the exact .es domain the casino uses appears among the operator's registered websites",
        "Check which game types the operator is licensed for using the licence-type filter",
        "If the site is not found, treat it as unlicensed for Spain regardless of any licence claim on the site"
      ],
      "player_notes": "A DGOJ licence means identity verification, participation in Spain's player-protection framework and access to the RGIAJ national self-exclusion register, which blocks registered players from all licensed online gambling with immediate effect when registered electronically, indefinite and cancellable after 6 months. Player complaints go first to the operator and can then be escalated to the DGOJ.",
      "red_flags": [
        "Spanish-facing site operates on a .com or other non-.es domain",
        "Operator or domain does not appear in the DGOJ buscador de operadores",
        "Site claims a Spanish licence while displaying only a Malta, Curacao or Gibraltar licence",
        "No RGIAJ self-exclusion check at registration"
      ],
      "law_status": "Online gambling is legal and regulated nationally under Law 13/2011 on the Regulation of Gambling, with the DGOJ issuing licences since 2012. Royal Decree 958/2020 imposed some of Europe's strictest gambling advertising restrictions, although parts were struck down by the Supreme Court in 2024. Land-based gambling remains a competence of the autonomous communities.",
      "tax_notes": "The gambling activities tax is 20% of GGR for most online games, filed quarterly, with a reduced 10% rate for operators genuinely established in Ceuta or Melilla. A small annual administrative levy of 0.75 per mille of gross operating revenue also applies.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.ordenacionjuego.es/en/operadores-juego",
          "title": "DGOJ, gaming operators section",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.ordenacionjuego.es/en/operadores-juego/operadores-licencia/operadores",
          "title": "DGOJ buscador de operadores, licensed operator search",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.ordenacionjuego.es/en/node/35",
          "title": "DGOJ, general and singular gaming licences",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.ordenacionjuego.es/en/participantes-juego/juego-seguro/rgiaj",
          "title": "DGOJ, General Register of Gaming Access Bans, RGIAJ",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        }
      ],
      "page": "https://casinolicensecheck.com/licenses/spain/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "sweden",
      "name": "Sweden",
      "iso": "SE",
      "group": "europe",
      "aliases": [
        "Spelinspektionen",
        "SGA",
        "Swedish Gambling Authority",
        "Spelpaus"
      ],
      "regulator": {
        "name": "Spelinspektionen",
        "abbr": "SGA",
        "official_site": "https://www.spelinspektionen.se/",
        "register_url": "https://www.spelinspektionen.se/licens-o-tillstand/licensregister/",
        "register_machine_readable": true,
        "register_notes": "Search the register by licence holder, company name or web address. Every operator with a valid Swedish licence or permit is listed with its registered domains, and both the full operator list and search results can be downloaded as Excel files."
      },
      "license": {
        "regime": "licensed",
        "types": [
          "Commercial online gambling licence",
          "Betting licence",
          "State gambling licence for casinos and gaming machines",
          "Licence for gambling for public benefit, meaning non-profit lotteries",
          "Land-based commercial gambling licence"
        ],
        "covers": "Licences under the Gambling Act cover commercial online casino and betting, state-operated casinos and gaming machines, land-based commercial gambling, and public-benefit lotteries, with each licence tied to the specific web addresses it may use.",
        "key_facts": [
          "The licensing regime is in force since 1 January 2019 under the 2018 Gambling Act, replacing the previous monopoly model",
          "Gambling tax rose from 18% to 22% of gross gaming revenue on 1 July 2024",
          "Applications are processed only after the application fee is paid, and all documents must be in Swedish or professionally translated",
          "The licence register is the only official source for checking a valid Swedish licence and its associated web addresses",
          "About 140,000 people hold active self-exclusions via Spelpaus.se"
        ]
      },
      "verify_steps": [
        "Open the licence register on spelinspektionen.se",
        "Search by the casino's company name, licence holder or the exact web address shown in your browser",
        "Confirm the specific domain is listed under the licence, since Swedish licences enumerate permitted web addresses",
        "Check the licence or permit is currently valid rather than relying on third-party lists, which go stale",
        "Optionally download the Excel export of all licensed operators for bulk or automated checks"
      ],
      "player_notes": "A Swedish licence obliges the operator to run duty-of-care and responsible-gambling measures, verify player identity, and honour the national self-exclusion register Spelpaus, which blocks all registration-based licensed gambling for periods from 10 days to an open-ended exclusion with a 12-month minimum. Disputes go first to the operator. Spelinspektionen supervises operators and publishes sanction decisions, while consumer complaints can also go to the Swedish Consumer Agency or general courts. Winnings from licensed gambling are tax-free for players.",
      "red_flags": [
        "The exact domain is not listed in Spelinspektionen's register even if the company name appears there",
        "The site claims a Swedish licence but does not connect to Spelpaus or offer Swedish deposit limits",
        "Reference to an old pre-2019 permit, or a foreign licence presented as valid for the Swedish market",
        "Licence claim backed only by a logo image, with no company name searchable in the register"
      ],
      "law_status": "Online gambling has been legal under a licensing system since 1 January 2019, when the Gambling Act re-regulated the market and ended the state monopoly on commercial online gambling. Unlicensed operators are excluded and pursued. State-run casino and gaming-machine segments and public-benefit lotteries retain their own licence categories, and the most recent significant change is the tax increase to 22% from 1 July 2024.",
      "tax_notes": "Licensed operators pay Swedish gambling tax of 22% of monthly gross gaming revenue, meaning stakes minus payouts, since 1 July 2024, up from 18%. Public-benefit lotteries remain tax-exempt.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.spelinspektionen.se/en/",
          "title": "Spelinspektionen, Swedish Gambling Authority, English pages",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.spelinspektionen.se/licens-o-tillstand/licensregister/",
          "title": "Spelinspektionen licence register with Excel export",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.spelinspektionen.se/en/licence-and-permit/Apply-licens-or-permit/",
          "title": "Spelinspektionen, apply for a licence or permit",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.spelpaus.se/",
          "title": "Spelpaus.se national self-exclusion register",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://cms.law/en/swe/news/the-swedish-government-proposes-increased-excise-tax-on-gambling-from-18-to-22-percent",
          "title": "CMS on the Swedish gambling excise tax rise from 18 to 22 percent",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        }
      ],
      "page": "https://casinolicensecheck.com/licenses/sweden/"
    },
    {
      "slug": "united-kingdom",
      "name": "United Kingdom",
      "iso": "GB",
      "group": "europe",
      "aliases": [
        "UK",
        "UKGC",
        "Great Britain",
        "Britain",
        "England",
        "Gambling Commission"
      ],
      "regulator": {
        "name": "Gambling Commission",
        "abbr": "UKGC",
        "official_site": "https://www.gamblingcommission.gov.uk/",
        "register_url": "https://www.gamblingcommission.gov.uk/public-register/businesses",
        "register_machine_readable": true,
        "register_notes": "Search by business name, trading name, domain name or account number, or browse and filter the full register. The complete dataset is downloadable in Excel, CSV and ZIP formats."
      },
      "license": {
        "regime": "licensed",
        "types": [
          "Remote casino operating licence",
          "Remote betting operating licence, covering general, pool and intermediary betting",
          "Remote bingo operating licence",
          "Lottery operating licence",
          "Gambling software operating licence",
          "Non-remote equivalents of each sector",
          "Personal Management Licence and Personal Functional Licence for key staff"
        ],
        "covers": "An operating licence is required to provide most gambling facilities in Great Britain, split by sector and by remote or non-remote delivery, with separate personal licences for key managers.",
        "key_facts": [
          "The public register listed 2,664 licensed gambling businesses at verification date",
          "Operating licences are indefinite in duration but require payment of annual fees to remain valid",
          "A statutory levy applies from 6 April 2025 at 1.1% of gross gambling yield for online operators and software licensees, 0.1 to 0.5% for land-based sectors",
          "Application and annual fees vary by sector and gross gambling yield band. The Commission publishes a fee calculator",
          "The register records licence status, trading names, domain names and regulatory actions taken against each business"
        ]
      },
      "verify_steps": [
        "Open the business register on the Gambling Commission site",
        "Search by the casino's domain name first. If no hit, search the operating company name or account number shown in the site footer",
        "Check the licence status is current, not surrendered, revoked or suspended, and that the register entry lists remote casino or betting activities",
        "Confirm the exact domain appears in the register entry's domain names list, noting domains are self-declared by the operator",
        "Review the entry's regulatory actions section for recent sanctions before trusting the brand"
      ],
      "player_notes": "A UKGC licence means the operator is bound by the Licence Conditions and Codes of Practice, including age verification, safer-gambling tools, and disclosure of how customer funds are protected in insolvency. Players with unresolved complaints must be offered a free, Commission-approved ADR provider such as IBAS or eCOGRA after the operator's own process ends. Protections apply to customers in Great Britain, and the Commission does not handle individual compensation claims itself.",
      "red_flags": [
        "Domain is absent from any register entry despite a claimed UK licence",
        "Footer shows a Gambling Commission logo or account number that returns no result, or a surrendered or revoked status, when searched",
        "Site accepts GB players but names a different jurisdiction's licence with no UKGC entry at all",
        "Licence claim cites a person or shell company whose register entry covers different activities, for example software only rather than remote casino"
      ],
      "law_status": "Online gambling is legal and regulated under the Gambling Act 2005, with remote operators serving Great Britain required to hold a UKGC licence since 2014. The 2023 white paper reforms are being implemented, including online slots stake limits and the statutory levy introduced by the Gambling Levy Regulations 2025 from 6 April 2025. The November 2025 budget announced major duty increases taking effect from April 2026.",
      "tax_notes": "Remote gaming duty on operator profits from UK players rises from 21% to 40% for accounting periods beginning on or after 1 April 2026. A 25% remote betting duty, excluding horse racing, spread betting and pool bets, replaces the 15% general betting duty for online bets from April 2027. Bingo duty is abolished and operators additionally pay the statutory levy of up to 1.1% of gross gambling yield.",
      "sources": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.gamblingcommission.gov.uk/",
          "title": "Gambling Commission, official site",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.gamblingcommission.gov.uk/public-register/businesses",
          "title": "Public register of licensed gambling businesses",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.gamblingcommission.gov.uk/licensees-and-businesses/licences-and-fees",
          "title": "Gambling Commission, licences and fees",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2025/213/introduction/made",
          "title": "The Gambling Levy Regulations 2025, SI 2025/213",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://igamingbusiness.com/finance/uk-sector-hit-with-remote-gaming-duty-increase/",
          "title": "iGB on the 40% remote gaming duty and the new remote betting tax from 2027",
          "verified": "2026-08-01"
        }
      ],
      "page": "https://casinolicensecheck.com/licenses/united-kingdom/"
    }
  ]
}